gre tunnel basics
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MikroTik Site to Site GRE Tunnel Configuration with IPsec
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik provides GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel that is used to create a site to site VPN tunnel. GRE tunneling protocol which can encapsulate a wide variety of protocols creating a virtual point-to-point link was originally developed by Cisco. GRE is a stateless tunnel like EoIP and IPIP. That means if the remote end of the tunnel goes down, all traffic that was routed over the tunnels will get blackholed. To solve this problem, RouterOS have added ‘keepalive’ feature for GRE tunnels. By default keepalive is set to 10 seconds and 10 retries. GRE adds an outer header mentioning the entry point of the tunnel (SourceIP) and the exit point of the tunnel (DestinationIP) but the inner packet is kept unmodified. GRE tunnel only encapsulates IP packets but does not provide authentication and encryption. GRE tunnel with IPsec ensures IP packet encapsulation as well as authentication and encryption. IPsec usage makes your packets secure but [...]
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Unlocking Digital Opportunities: A Beginner’s Guide to Computer Networking | October 14, 2025
Summary Computer networking has created the digital world, enabling communication networks that unite various regions of the world and connect any device in some way or another. Networking provides new opportunities to secure employment, act as freelance workers, or even pursue volunteer work, which is why it is worth investing in for career development. Being practical should be valued even more than theory. Even after setting up a home lab, reviewing real projects, and consulting trusted sources, you will learn [...]
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MikroTik HotSpot One to One NAT/Universal HotSpot NAT | September 27, 2020
MikroTik Hotspot is an awesome service that can be customized widely. When MikroTik Hotspot is enabled on an interface, it adds dynamic destination NAT rules which will redirect all HTTP and HTTPS requests from unauthorized users to the Hotspot authentication proxy. So, no user can get internet access in Hotspot network without authentication. MikroTik Hotspot also uses one to one NAT providing an IP address from selected IP Pool and this IP address handles user’s data and limitation. Sometimes we [...]
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MikroTik WiFi MAC Authentication with UserMan RADIUS Server | December 23, 2019
MikroTik Wireless Router is popularly used as WiFi AP. MikroTik WiFi AP has a lot of features to tune WiFi network as your requirements. MAC authentication is one the amazing and useful features in MikroTik WiFi. MAC authentication enables filtering MAC address that means no MAC can be able to connect to WiFi AP without authentication. MAC authentication can be done either local database or RADIUS Server. MAC authentication with RADIUS Server provides facility to manage multiple APs from centralized [...]
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Free Online File Storage and File Sharing with Google Drive | August 19, 2015
Google Drive is a popular free online file storage and file sharing service by Google. Google Drive provides 15 GB free online storage where anyone can store or backup any kinds of file. That means, you can store your document file, picture, audio, video or any kinds of file into Google Drive and can read, write or download any file when you want. You can also share your stored file with your friends using Google Drive. But you are only [...]
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MikroTik RouterOS User Authentication via RADIUS Server | November 19, 2017
MikroTik RouterOS has a strong local user database that is enough to manage a single MikroTik RouterOS user. But if your network has more than one MikroTik Routers, it is always better to use a RADIUS server to manage RouterOS user centrally. MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Server is a centralized user authentication and accounting application that gives the ISP Company or network administrator ability to manage not only RouterOS users but also PPP, Hotspot, DHCP and Wireless users. How to [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Login by MAC Cookie Configuration | July 10, 2020
MAC Cookie is a newly introduced Hotspot feature in MikroTik Router. MAC Cookie is specially designed to improve accessibility for smartphones, laptop and other mobile devices. MAC Cookie is not a basic login method rather it is an extension of basic Hotspot login method such as HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS. So, when MAC Cookie is used with these basic Hotspot login methods, it improves the Hotspot user accessibility. In my previous article, I discussed MikroTik Hotspot basic configuration [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Auto Login by MAC Address | July 1, 2020
Hotspot is an awesome service in MikroTik Router. MikroTik Hotspot is popularly used in ISP, Hotel, Airport, Coffee Shop, Enterprise office and many other organizations. By default MikroTik Hotspot uses HTTP CHAP login method where user must provide username and password to get internet service. Sometimes we may face that some users are not eager to provide username and password to get internet service or we cannot ask some users to put username and password to get internet due to [...]
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MikroTik UserMan RADIUS Server Customers, Users and Routers | November 13, 2017
MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Server is a centralized user authentication and accounting application that gives the ISP Company or network administrator ability to manage MikroTik RouterOS user, PPP user and Hotspot user so smoothly. There are two methods to install MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Server in your network. You can install User Manager Package either on a physical RouterOS or on a dedicated Server Machine or on a Personal Computer where RouterOS is running. How to install and configure User [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Setup with Radius Server (User Manager) | January 6, 2018
Hotspot is one of the most popular services in MikroTik Router. It is popularly used in Hotel and Restaurant, Railway Station or Airport, School or University Campus and so on. Even ISP network and office network also use MikroTik Hotspot for authenticating network clients/users. Hotspot user can be managed with Hotspot’s local user database or with a Radius Server. Radius Server gives facility to manage Hotspot user’s bandwidth and accounting easily and centrally. So, Hotspot setup with Radius Server can [...]
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