how to calculate network bandwidth
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Network Bandwidth and Throughput
Bandwidth and Throughput are two important basic networking terms in computer network. If you wish to be an expert network administrator, you must have better understanding about these two networking terms. As a network user, you should also have better understanding about network bandwidth and throughput so that you can get maximum output from your network service provider. In this article, I will explain about network bandwidth and throughput from very beginning. I hope, this article will enrich your networking concept. What are Bandwidth and Throughput? Bandwidth In computer network, bandwidth is defined as the maximum number of bits that can flow through a network connection in a given period of time. The fundamental unit of network bandwidth is bits per second (bps). An ISP network connection that specified a bandwidth of 1Mbps means that in one second, maximum 100000 bits can be transferred across this connection. The term bandwidth is normally used in internet broadband subscription plan. Normally a higher bandwidth subscription plan will cost more than that of a lower bandwidth subscription plan. One thing to note is that even if you are subscribing a 1Mbps internet broadband plan, you may not get the full 1Mbps bandwidth when [...]
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How to Block Tor Browser with MikroTik Router | June 12, 2019
Tor Browser is an alternative to VPN and Web Proxy that breaks blocking firewall rule. If any user installs and uses Tor Browser, he/she can hide the public IP address of router and can unblock blocked websites applied on a network. So, administrators should block Tor Nodes along with other blocking firewall rule. In my previous article, I discussed how to block VPN and Proxy access with MikroTik Router and in this article I will discuss how to block Tor [...]
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CentOS 8 Installation with Screenshots (Server with GUI) | November 21, 2020
Linux is a free and open source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds on September 17, 1991. It is mainly used as server environment. A lot of Linux distributions are present today. Among them, Red Hat Linux is used as enterprise Linux. Red Hat is also known as Red Hat commercial Linux that means Red Hat is a paid service program. CentOS (Community Enterprise Operating System) is another Linux distribution that provides a free and open source, enterprise-class, community-supported server platform functionally compatible with [...]
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How to Import SSL Certificate in MikroTik RouterOS | January 16, 2022
SSL/TLS Certificate is used to make secure communication between server and clients. MikroTik RouterOS has a lot of services such OVPN, SSTP VPN, HTTPS, Hotspot and so on those use SSL/TLS certificate. It is possible to create self-signed certificate in MikroTik RouterOS but self-signed certificate faces untrusted CA warning. So, it is always better to use trusted CA either freemium or premium. In my previous article, I discussed how to get a free SSL/TLS certificate from Zero SSL but Zero [...]
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Hardening MikroTik RouterOS by Limiting Login Services | February 6, 2021
MikroTik RouterOS is usually used as a bridge between WAN and LAN network. WAN network is always an insecure network because attackers always try to hack your RouterOS so that they can compromise it for their own benefit. As a network administrator of MikroTik RouterOS, we should always take anti hacking steps to secure our MikroTik RouterOS. There are a lot of security tasks those we should take care to secure our MikroTik RouterOS. Among these security tasks, we will [...]
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How to Prevent Simultaneous User Login in MikroTik Hotspot | November 10, 2020
MikroTik Hotspot is a user based internet access system. Most of the user authentication and authorization can be controlled with MikroTik Hotspot. But sometimes some users misuse user based authentication system. Misusing simultaneous login is one of them. Usually we provide one username and password for a user and we expect he/she will use this username and password from only one device at a time. But it is also possible to use same username and password in multiple devices at [...]
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MikroTik Site to Site GRE Tunnel Configuration with IPsec | March 26, 2018
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik provides GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel that is used to create a site to site VPN tunnel. GRE tunneling protocol which can encapsulate a wide variety of protocols creating a virtual point-to-point link was [...]
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MikroTik RADIUS Server (User Manager) Installation | October 28, 2017
RADIUS Server is a centralized user authentication, authorization and accounting application. RADIUS authentication gives the ISP or network administrator ability to manage PPP users, login users and Hotspot users from one server throughout a large network. MikroTik RouterOS has a RADIUS client that is able to authenticate login users, Hotspot users and PPP users through a RADIUS server. MikroTik team also developed a totally separate RADIUS server package named User Manager that can be used to authenticate MikroTik users smoothly. [...]
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How to Block NetShare Changing MikroTik TTL | April 19, 2024
Internet user can easily share their net connection to others using their smart phone or Laptop creating Hotspot. Smart phone users especially Android users by default get a net sharing app named Mobile Hotspot to share his net connection to others. Besides Mobile Hotspot, there are many Android Apps like NetShare those can be used to share net connection to others. Sharing net connection to others or friends is a good feature in Smart phone but sometimes users misuse this [...]
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MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Installation on RouterOS 7 | July 5, 2022
The User Manager is a MikroTik provided RADIUS Server packages. It can be used to manage users for small or medium level business. User Manger is not a default RouterOS packages. So, we have to install user manager as an extra package in RouterOS 7. RouterOS 7 has brought a massive change on User Manager package. The most important change is managing User Manager from Winbox while in RouterOS 6 the User Manager package can only be managed from Web [...]
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