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LVM Management in CentOS/Red Hat 7 Linux
LVM (Logical Volume Manager) is the recommended partition method for CentOS/Red Hat 7 Linux. Specially, if we work on Mail Server, File Server, FTP Server, Web Proxy Server or any application where disk space changes frequently, the LVM partition is mandatory in this case. In my previous article, I discussed how to install CentOS 7.5 with LVM partitioning. If you are new here or CentOS 7 is not yet installed, I will suggest you to follow my previous article and install CentOS 7 with LVM partitioning and then continue this article. In this article, I will discuss how to manage LVM partitioning in CentOS/ Red Hat 7 Linux with the command line utility. Basic Components and Architecture of LVM Before going to start LVM management with command line tool, we should have basic knowledge on the basic LVM terms and architecture. The following three terms are the basic components of the LVM partitioning. Physical Volume: The underlying physical storage unit of an LVM is a block device such as a partition of a disk or the whole disk. To use the block device for an LVM logical volume, the device must be initialized as a physical volume (PV). Volume Groups: [...]
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How to Install VMware ESXi VMvisor on VMware Workstation | December 28, 2020
There is no doubt that VMware vSphere is the pioneer in virtualization world. Day by day IT infrastructure is converting to virtualization where VMware vSphere is providing more features than any other virtualization software. VMware ESXi is the foundation of VMware vSphere. VMware ESXi is a bare metal hypervisor. So, a physical server is required to install VMware ESXi. Physical servers are usually costly and beginners or researchers cannot always arrange such a high priced physical server to install ESXi [...]
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WireGuard Site to Site VPN Between MikroTik RouterOS 7 | September 29, 2022
WireGuard is a free, open source, secure and high-speed modern VPN solution. WireGuard is extremely easy to implement but utilizes state-of-the-art cryptography. WireGuard can be used as either Client-Server VPN technology or Site to Site VPN technology. From the RouterOS 7, MikroTik introduces WireGuard VPN as their native package. So, who are using RouterOS 7 can use WireGuard VPN and can implement both client-server and site to site VPN with WireGuard free VPN server. In my previous article, I discussed [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Login by MAC Cookie Configuration | July 10, 2020
MAC Cookie is a newly introduced Hotspot feature in MikroTik Router. MAC Cookie is specially designed to improve accessibility for smartphones, laptop and other mobile devices. MAC Cookie is not a basic login method rather it is an extension of basic Hotspot login method such as HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS. So, when MAC Cookie is used with these basic Hotspot login methods, it improves the Hotspot user accessibility. In my previous article, I discussed MikroTik Hotspot basic configuration [...]
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CentOS 7 Partition Management with fdisk Utility | February 11, 2019
CentOS or Red Hat Linux is a popular server operating system to the system administrators. Almost all the system admins or IT guys who play with mail server, file server, proxy server and so on are so known with CentOS or Red Hat Linux and cannot go a single day without this operating system. The guys who are also wish to be a system admin should be familiar with CentOS or Red Hat operating system. In my previous article, I [...]
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MikroTik Configuration with DHCP WAN Connection | March 24, 2019
MikroTik Router is one of the most popular routers because of having a lot of networking features. MikroTik DHCP Client is a special feature that is used to connect to any DHCP Server. So, if any uplink ISP provides DHCP connection, MikroTik Router is able to connect that DHCP Server using this DHCP Client. In my previous article, I discussed how to configure MikroTik Router with PPPoE WAN Connection. In this article, I will discuss how to configure MikroTik Router [...]
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MikroTik Radius Configuration with FreeRADIUS and MySQL | December 18, 2018
FreeRADIUS is a modular RADIUS suite. A lot of modules such as Perl, python, MySQL etc. can be integrated with freeRADIUS to enrich freeRADIUS features. MySQL is one of the best user and client sources in freeRADIUS server. One of the important advantages of MySQL with freeRADIUS server is that MySQL can easily be controlled with a lot of programming languages including PHP. So, freeRADIUS users and their authentication, authorization and accounting can easily be controlled graphically using MySQL database [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot with Bandwidth Limitation and Prepaid Billing System | January 14, 2018
Say, you are a network administrator and want to establish a network that will have user bandwidth package management facility with prepaid billing system as well as partner advertisement facility. Then, MikroTik Hotspot Server Configuration with MikroTik User Manager Radius Server will be a wise decision. Because, MikroTik User Manager Radius Server is a user authentication, authorization and accounting application that will give facility to manage user bandwidth package with prepaid billing system. On the other hand, you can easily [...]
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How to Install MikroTik CHR on VMware Workstation | September 9, 2019
MikroTik is found both RouterBoard where RouterOS and License are prebuilt and RouterOS Application that can be installed on a Physical Machine or Virtual Machine. RouterOS installation on Physical or Virtual Machine has license limitations. Full RouterOS packages cannot be used more than 24 hours without license. So, RouterOS application is not suitable for the Trainee or not suitable to RND purpose. From RouterOS v6.34, MikroTik introduces Cloud Hosted Router (CHR, a new RouterOS version) which has different licensing scheme. [...]
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How to Properly Downgrade MikroTik RouterOS and Firmware | October 2, 2019
MikroTik RouterOS is in constant development and new features or bug fixes are frequently available, sometimes even monthly. So, it is always recommend upgrading MikroTik RouterOS to a latest and stable version before beginning any configuration. But sometimes you may face that the upgraded version is not working properly according to your demand or you may upgrade to a new version that you don’t want. In this case, you should come back to your workable RouterOS version and firmware. Upgrading RouterOS [...]
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