network bandwidth formula

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  • Network Bandwidth and Throughput

    Bandwidth and Throughput are two important basic networking terms in computer network. If you wish to be an expert network administrator, you must have better understanding about these two networking terms. As a network user, you should also have better understanding about network bandwidth and throughput so that you can get maximum output from your network service provider. In this article, I will explain about network bandwidth and throughput from very beginning. I hope, this article will enrich your networking concept. What are Bandwidth and Throughput? Bandwidth In computer network, bandwidth is defined as the maximum number of bits that can flow through a network connection in a given period of time. The fundamental unit of network bandwidth is bits per second (bps). An ISP network connection that specified a bandwidth of 1Mbps means that in one second, maximum 100000 bits can be transferred across this connection. The term bandwidth is normally used in internet broadband subscription plan. Normally a higher bandwidth subscription plan will cost more than that of a lower bandwidth subscription plan. One thing to note is that even if you are subscribing a 1Mbps internet broadband plan, you may not get the full 1Mbps bandwidth when [...]

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    MikroTik Blocking All Websites Except a Few Websites |   May 7, 2019

    A few days ago, someone asked me how to block all websites except one with MikroTik Firewall. For this, I have decided to discuss about blocking all websites except someone’s whitelist. Unlike firewall devices, MikroTik Firewall by default allows all websites. So, if you need to block any website, you have to create a firewall rule that will block the specific website. Now if we want to block all websites and want to allow a few websites, we have to [...]

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    MikroTik PPPoE Server Configuration with freeRADIUS Server |   January 20, 2019

    PPPoE Service is one of the most popular services in MikroTik Router. It is specially used by the local ISP provider for the simplicity of client connection. MikroTik PPPoE Service accepts user or client authentication and authorization both MikroTik local user database and RADIUS user database. RADIUS Server provides an efficient way to manage user authentication, authorization and accounting.  FreeRADIUS is a high performance RADIUS suite that provides user authentication, authorization and accounting facility for a number of network devices [...]

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    PPPoE Server Configuration in MikroTik RouterOS 7 |   December 2, 2023

    MikroTik PPPoE is a client-server protocol and mostly used at the end ISP configuration where MikroTik RouterOS acts as a PPPoE Server and user’s WiFi Router acts as PPPoE client. MikroTik PPPoE Server can be used with MikroTik simple queue management. So, it helps to manage user’s bandwidth easily. People who are trying to do internet business should learn MikroTik PPPoE Server. Configuring PPPoE Server in MikroTik RouterOS 7 is so easy. If you have knowledge on basic RouterOS 7 [...]

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    DHCP Server Configuration in MikroTik RouterOS 7 |   October 14, 2015

    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol. DHCP server automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) address and other related information such as subnet mask, default gateway and DNS to DHCP clients. DHCP server and client use UDP port 67 and 68 for communication. In a network, a DHCP client (IP devices such as Desktop, Laptop, Smartphone etc.) requests for an IP lease to DHCP servers and a DHCP server responses allocating IP address and other related IP information [...]

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    How to Separate MikroTik Hotspot and DHCP IP Pool |   October 9, 2020

    MikroTik default Hotspot Setup comes with a DHCP Server (which uses same IP Pool of Hotspot Server) to provide IP address and other network information to a connected device. Using this automatic IP address connected device can access Hotspot login page. After successfully login, a one to one NAT IP address is also assigned for the device and this process happens internally in Hotspot Server. User device cannot know this one to one NAT IP assigning. However, Hotspot Server actually [...]

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    How to Get Free SSL Certificate from ZeroSSL |   June 13, 2020

    SSL/TLS certificate is an essential part in today internet communication. Online communication cannot imagine without SSL/TLS certificate. SSL/TLS certificate makes online communication secure by encrypting data transmitted over public internet. So, most of the applications (Web, Email and VPN services) those transmit data over public internet use SSL/TLS certificate to secure communication. SSL/TLS certificate requires to be signed by Certificate Authority (CA). It is possible to create self-signed certificate with SSL certificate creation tools such as OpenSSL. Some router venders [...]

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    Web Server Configuration in Linux with Apache, MariaDB and PHP |   January 2, 2018

    Web Server is one of the most important and most used servers today. Without web server internet cannot imagine. Even, the article you are reading is also served by a web server. So, having web server configuration knowledge is beneficial for you, I think. A web server is responsible to serve HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) contents such as text, image, audio, video etc. to its clients. A lot of web servers are present today such as Apache, IIS, Nginx and [...]

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    MikroTik Radius Configuration with FreeRADIUS |   December 7, 2018

    FreeRADIUS is a high performance RADIUS suite that provides authentication, authorization and accounting facility for a large number of network devices including MikroTik Router. Although MikroTik has user manager RADIUS service to provide authentication, authorization and accounting facility but it is not free for customization and not suitable for medium to large organization. On the other hand, freeRADIUS is free for customization according to your organization requirements. But freeRADIUS has to be customized by you. In my previous article, I [...]

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    Static Routing Configuration in MikroTik Router |   February 11, 2018

    Static Routing is an important topic to any network administrator who works with multiple MikroTik RouterOS and wants to establish communication among Router’s local networks. For example, say a network administrator maintains two MikroTik RouterOS connected with any communication medium and each RouterOS has its own networks and network resources such as servers, printers etc. and he wants that each network and network resources will be accessible from other networks. In this case, static routing configuration between two RouterOS will [...]

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