gre tunnel basics
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MikroTik Site to Site GRE Tunnel Configuration with IPsec
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik provides GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel that is used to create a site to site VPN tunnel. GRE tunneling protocol which can encapsulate a wide variety of protocols creating a virtual point-to-point link was originally developed by Cisco. GRE is a stateless tunnel like EoIP and IPIP. That means if the remote end of the tunnel goes down, all traffic that was routed over the tunnels will get blackholed. To solve this problem, RouterOS have added ‘keepalive’ feature for GRE tunnels. By default keepalive is set to 10 seconds and 10 retries. GRE adds an outer header mentioning the entry point of the tunnel (SourceIP) and the exit point of the tunnel (DestinationIP) but the inner packet is kept unmodified. GRE tunnel only encapsulates IP packets but does not provide authentication and encryption. GRE tunnel with IPsec ensures IP packet encapsulation as well as authentication and encryption. IPsec usage makes your packets secure but [...]
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Unlocking Digital Opportunities: A Beginner’s Guide to Computer Networking | October 14, 2025
Summary Computer networking has created the digital world, enabling communication networks that unite various regions of the world and connect any device in some way or another. Networking provides new opportunities to secure employment, act as freelance workers, or even pursue volunteer work, which is why it is worth investing in for career development. Being practical should be valued even more than theory. Even after setting up a home lab, reviewing real projects, and consulting trusted sources, you will learn [...]
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Upgrading MikroTik RouterOS and Firmware using Winbox | September 9, 2018
MikroTik RouterOS is in constant development and new features or bug fixes are frequently available, sometimes even monthly. So, it is always recommend upgrading your MikroTik RouterOS to a latest and stable version before beginning any configuration. Sometimes you may find that your production router is required to be upgraded to a new version based on some logical reasons such as: A new feature is available to a new update and you need to implement that new feature. New version [...]
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Latest Google Chrome Free Download and Install | August 23, 2015
Google Chrome is one of the most popular web browsers to any online user. Google Chrome is a free application by Google. So, you can download and install Google Chrome in your operating system at any time. Google Chrome is too easy to use and bug is so less. Google Chrome has an awesome look and a lot of functionalities which help to use Google Chrome so easily. It is said that any online user cannot go a single day without Google [...]
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Managing Disk Partition with the parted Tool in CentOS 7 | March 2, 2019
As a system administrator, sometimes you may require to manage partitions of your CentOS/Red Hat Linux Operating System. Partition management is always a risky task. But there are some useful tools those are so helpful to manage CentOS/Red Hat Linux disk partition easily. In my previous article, I discussed how to manage CentOS/Red Hat 7 HDD partitions with the fdisk utility. The fdisk tool is only eligible to manage MBR partition table. But GPT partition table is now becoming more [...]
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MikroTik Load Balancing and Link Redundancy with ECMP | October 28, 2016
Load balancing and link redundancy is the main concern to any network administrator. Because, they always want to keep live their network 24/7. If you have multiple WAN connections, you can easily make a load balancing as well as link redundancy network with MikroTik Router. Different types of load balancing and link redundancy are present in MikroTik Router. ECMP Load Balancing is one of them. ECMP is so easy to implement and it provides an perfect load balancing solution. In this [...]
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VLAN Routing Configuration between MikroTik RouterOS | September 27, 2018
VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical topology that divides a single broadcast domain into multiple broadcast domains. It increases network security and performance as well as improves network efficiency. MikroTik VLAN routing configuration with manageable switch was discussed in previous article. Today we will learn how to configure VLAN between MikroTik RouterOS. This Router to router VLAN (layer3 VLAN) is useful when any ISP provide connection to one or more local ISPs who use MikroTik Router to maintain [...]
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MikroTik Router Auto Backup via Email | August 23, 2016
MikroTik Router is popularly used not only in ISP network but also in enterprise office network. So, MikroTik is a popular item to network administrator. A regular task of a network administrator is to keep and store router configuration file backup. Almost every network administrator takes configuration file backup manually. But MikroTik Router has an E-mail tool by which network administrators can automate configuration file backup regularly via email and can reduce his daily manual task easily. E-mail tool is [...]
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How to Import SSL Certificate in MikroTik RouterOS | January 16, 2022
SSL/TLS Certificate is used to make secure communication between server and clients. MikroTik RouterOS has a lot of services such OVPN, SSTP VPN, HTTPS, Hotspot and so on those use SSL/TLS certificate. It is possible to create self-signed certificate in MikroTik RouterOS but self-signed certificate faces untrusted CA warning. So, it is always better to use trusted CA either freemium or premium. In my previous article, I discussed how to get a free SSL/TLS certificate from Zero SSL but Zero [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Login by HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS | July 25, 2020
MikroTik Hotspot uses various types of login methods. Among these login methods HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS are basic and important login methods. So, a MikroTik system administrator should have proper understanding on Hotspot HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS login methods. In my previous article I discussed how to configure MikroTik Hotspot using Winbox. In this article I will discuss how to use HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS login methods properly in MikroTik Hotspot Server. MikroTik Hotspot [...]
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