gre tunnel explained
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MikroTik Site to Site GRE Tunnel Configuration with IPsec
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik provides GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel that is used to create a site to site VPN tunnel. GRE tunneling protocol which can encapsulate a wide variety of protocols creating a virtual point-to-point link was originally developed by Cisco. GRE is a stateless tunnel like EoIP and IPIP. That means if the remote end of the tunnel goes down, all traffic that was routed over the tunnels will get blackholed. To solve this problem, RouterOS have added ‘keepalive’ feature for GRE tunnels. By default keepalive is set to 10 seconds and 10 retries. GRE adds an outer header mentioning the entry point of the tunnel (SourceIP) and the exit point of the tunnel (DestinationIP) but the inner packet is kept unmodified. GRE tunnel only encapsulates IP packets but does not provide authentication and encryption. GRE tunnel with IPsec ensures IP packet encapsulation as well as authentication and encryption. IPsec usage makes your packets secure but [...]
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How to Create Free SSL/TLS Certificate with OpenSSL | July 23, 2021
SSL/TLS certificate is required to encrypt data sent over internet communication. Without encryption, the sent data can be hacked by the middle man attack. SSL/TLS certificate is usually a pair key, public key and private key, solution where data is encrypted with public key and decrypted with private key. In public communication, public key is required to be signed by a CA (certificate authority) but in private communication, there is no need to be signed by any CA. If we [...]
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How to Block VPN Access with MikroTik Router | May 14, 2019
Sometimes system administrators create firewall rule to block unwanted websites. But VPN apps break these firewall rules and allow access to unwanted websites. For example, if Facebook is blocked with MikroTik Firewall and any expert user installs and enables VPN apps (such as OpenVPN, Hotspot Shield, ProtonVPN, NordVPN, PureVPN etc.), he can easily get access to Facebook. So, system administrators should also block popular VPN apps so that user cannot use those VPN servers. Blocking VPN apps is not so [...]
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MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Installation on RouterOS 7 | July 5, 2022
The User Manager is a MikroTik provided RADIUS Server packages. It can be used to manage users for small or medium level business. User Manger is not a default RouterOS packages. So, we have to install user manager as an extra package in RouterOS 7. RouterOS 7 has brought a massive change on User Manager package. The most important change is managing User Manager from Winbox while in RouterOS 6 the User Manager package can only be managed from Web [...]
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MikroTik Site to Site EoIP Tunnel with IPsec | March 21, 2018
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik provides EoIP (Ethernet over IP) tunnel that is used to create a site to site VPN. EoIP tunneling is a MikroTik RouterOS protocol that creates an Ethernet tunnel between two MikroTik Routers on top [...]
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How to Assign VMware ESXi License Key | December 4, 2021
No doubt VMware is the pioneer in virtualization world. VMware can be used either premium or free based on licensing. In the previous article, I discussed how to install VMware ESXi on a physical server or machine and then I also discussed how to get VMware ESXi free license from VMware website. Getting VMware ESXi license key either premium or free, we may sometimes get confused how to assign the license key in VMware ESXi host. So, in this article [...]
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CentOS 8 Networking Configuration Using nmtui Tool | December 14, 2020
The first task after completing CentOS 8 fresh installation is to configure its networking so that it can be accessed from other network devices. In my previous article, I discussed how to install CentOS 8 Graphical User Interface (GNOME Desktop) with step by step screenshots. If you are a new CentOS 8 user and have not yet installed CentOS 8 on your server machine, feel free to follow that article and install CentOS 8 GNOME Desktop according to the article. [...]
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MikroTik Site to Site VPN with L2TP/IPsec | March 3, 2018
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure and encrypted tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using this VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik L2TP server is one of the most popular VPN services. It provides a secure and encrypted tunnel across public network for transporting IP traffic using PPP. L2TP/IPsec is more secure than [...]
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OpenVPN Client Configuration in Windows 10/11 | June 29, 2022
OpenVPN is an excellent VPN solution for transmitting data securely over public network. Configuring an OpenVPN Server either on MikroTik RouterOS or Ubuntu Server, we can access local servers or devices from remote place using Windows 10/11, Android or MacOS. How to configure OpenVPN Server in Ubuntu Server was discussed in the previous article. In that article, I also discussed how to create a new OpenVPN client (for Windows OS) who will be able to connect the OpenVPN Server. So, [...]
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MikroTik UserMan RADIUS Server Customers, Users and Routers | November 13, 2017
MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Server is a centralized user authentication and accounting application that gives the ISP Company or network administrator ability to manage MikroTik RouterOS user, PPP user and Hotspot user so smoothly. There are two methods to install MikroTik User Manager RADIUS Server in your network. You can install User Manager Package either on a physical RouterOS or on a dedicated Server Machine or on a Personal Computer where RouterOS is running. How to install and configure User [...]
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