networking courses for beginners

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  • What Are the 7 Layers of OSI Model and How Do They Work

    The OSI Model stands for Open Systems Interconnection Model, a conceptualized framework used to describe the seven layers of a telecommunication system or network. It was established as an international standard in the year 1984 by the International Organization for Standardization. This model helps visualize how networks operate and is still used today to figure out and solve network problems, such as by a web development company. In this article, we will talk about the 7 layers of the OSI Model and how each of them work. Layer 1 – Physical Layer The physical layer concerns the part of the model used for transmitting raw data bits (0s and 1s) across the network between sending and receiving devices. This can be through a physical cable or even a wireless connection between physical nodes. The physical layer can also represent voltages, frequencies, pin layouts, and other things. Any other physical devices part of this transmission, like hubs and modems, are also included. Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 etc. protocols work on Physical Layer. Layer 2 – Data Link Layer The data link layer is in charge of establishing or eliminating a connection between physical nodes that may be connected through a [...]

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    Computer Networking Basics |   February 10, 2017

    Computer networking is a buzzword to the present world. By the virtue of computer networking, the world has become just like a village. So, anyone of the world can communicate with any person of the world within seconds as if they are living in a village. Computer networking does not mean a single element. A lot of networking elements and protocol work behind a computer networking. So, the computer guys who are interested to learn how computer networking works should [...]

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    OpenDNS Family Shield Configuration in MikroTik RouterOS 7 |   August 30, 2024

    OpenDNS is a DNS based free web content filtering software. It helps to keep our home or office network free from malware, virus and adult content. Configuring OpenDNS in our Home of Office routers, we can easily keep safe our internet content. OpenDNS provided OpenDNS Family Sheild solution that keeps our kids safe online. OpenDNS Family Shield filters all adult content websites as well as virus and trojan. OpenDNS Family Shield is preconfigured to block adult content. So, our children [...]

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    How to Import SSL Certificate in MikroTik RouterOS |   January 16, 2022

    SSL/TLS Certificate is used to make secure communication between server and clients. MikroTik RouterOS has a lot of services such OVPN, SSTP VPN, HTTPS, Hotspot and so on those use SSL/TLS certificate. It is possible to create self-signed certificate in MikroTik RouterOS but self-signed certificate faces untrusted CA warning. So, it is always better to use trusted CA either freemium or premium.  In my previous article, I discussed how to get a free SSL/TLS certificate from Zero SSL but Zero [...]

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    VLAN Routing Configuration between MikroTik RouterOS |   September 27, 2018

    VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical topology that divides a single broadcast domain into multiple broadcast domains. It increases network security and performance as well as improves network efficiency. MikroTik VLAN routing configuration with manageable switch was discussed in previous article. Today we will learn how to configure VLAN between MikroTik RouterOS. This Router to router VLAN (layer3 VLAN) is useful when any ISP provide connection to one or more local ISPs who use MikroTik Router to maintain [...]

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    How to Bind Hotspot User to MAC and Static IP in MikroTik |   November 6, 2020

    MikroTik Hotspot is usually a user based Hotspot access controlling system. Internet access and bandwidth can easily be maintained with Hotspot user based system. But sometimes we may require more control on Hotspot system which is not possible only username based system. So, we may need to bind hotspot user to MAC and static IP address. If we can bind hotspot user to static IP address, it is easy to control Hotspot users with MikroTik Router and Firewall. So, in [...]

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    MikroTik Hotspot Auto Login by MAC Address |   July 1, 2020

    Hotspot is an awesome service in MikroTik Router. MikroTik Hotspot is popularly used in ISP, Hotel, Airport, Coffee Shop, Enterprise office and many other organizations. By default MikroTik Hotspot uses HTTP CHAP login method where user must provide username and password to get internet service. Sometimes we may face that some users are not eager to provide username and password to get internet service or we cannot ask some users to put username and password to get internet due to [...]

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    How to Block Tor Browser with MikroTik Router |   June 12, 2019

    Tor Browser is an alternative to VPN and Web Proxy that breaks blocking firewall rule. If any user installs and uses Tor Browser, he/she can hide the public IP address of router and can unblock blocked websites applied on a network. So, administrators should block Tor Nodes along with other blocking firewall rule. In my previous article, I discussed how to block VPN and Proxy access with MikroTik Router and in this article I will discuss how to block Tor [...]

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    MikroTik Hotspot Free Trial Internet Setup |   August 14, 2020

    MikroTik Hotspot is an awesome Hotspot internet solution. It has a lot of features to customize any Hotspot service. Sometimes we may require providing free trial internet in a Hotspot service. MikroTik Hotspot provides easy solution to provide free trial internet to the new user before going to paid version. In my previous article I discussed how to configure MikroTik Hotspot using Winbox. In this article I will discuss how to configure free trial internet in MikroTik Hotspot Server. Free [...]

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    Virtual Web Hosting with Apache on CentOS 7 (Name Based) |   July 15, 2019

    Virtual Hosting is a method of hosting multiple domains on single server. If you have multiple domains (such as domain1.com, domain2.com and so on) and want to host on a webserver, Virtual Web Hosting is your right choice. Apache web server provides an easy way to manage Virtual Hosting. Virtual Hosting can be either Name Based or IP Based. In Name Based Virtual Hosting, multiple domains can be hosted on single IP address. On the other hand, in IP Based [...]

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