network types and topologies
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Computer Network Topology Outline
The first thing that has to study about a network is its physical shape or design layout. It will be extremely important when a wiring scheme and design are selected for a new network installation. Actually Network Topology refers to physical shape or design layout of a network. Network topology determines how different nodes in a network are connected and how these nodes communicate to each other. Types of Computer Network Topology Network really has two shapes or two types of topology. Physical topology Logical topology Physical Topologies The physical topology is the physical shape or layout of the wires that can be visible in a network. The Physical topology defines how devices are interconnected with or without wires. Physical topology is further divided into two sections. Point-to-point connections Multipoint connections Point-to-point connections In a point-to-point connection, a communication link is established between two devices with one wire or air (in the case of wireless). A simple example of point-to- point connection is talking over telephone between two persons where anyone else is not allowed to use the phone on either side. Multipoint Connection Multiple devices or machines are involved in a multipoint connection. These devices mainly share cabling but [...]
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Unlocking Digital Opportunities: A Beginner’s Guide to Computer Networking | October 14, 2025
Summary Computer networking has created the digital world, enabling communication networks that unite various regions of the world and connect any device in some way or another. Networking provides new opportunities to secure employment, act as freelance workers, or even pursue volunteer work, which is why it is worth investing in for career development. Being practical should be valued even more than theory. Even after setting up a home lab, reviewing real projects, and consulting trusted sources, you will learn [...]
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How to Block a Phone from WiFi Router | May 8, 2024
We usually buy a WiFi Router from market and configure SSID and password to access it. We also configure DHCP Server so that whenever a phone or IP device gets connected to this SSID with the password, the device can get an IP address automatically and can get internet access. It is not possible to secure the WiFi Network keeping only the password authentication method. Because the password can be shared by the users or can be hacked easily. So, [...]
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Ubuntu Server Set Static IP Address with Netplan | July 1, 2021
Ubuntu Server is one of the most popular open source sever operating systems. Ubuntu Server can be used in production without any hassle. In my previous article, I discussed how to install Ubuntu Server’s latest version (Ubuntu Server 20.04) with LVM. In this article, we are going to see how to assign static IP address in Ubuntu Server with Netplan network management tool. Netplan Since Ubuntu Server 17.10, Netplan is being used as the default network management tool instead of [...]
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MikroTik VLAN Routing Configuration with Manageable Switch | July 11, 2018
A VLAN (Virtual LAN) is a group of computers, servers, network printers and other network devices that behave as if they were connected to a single network. VLAN is a logical topology that divides a single broadcast domain into multiple broadcast domains. VLAN is a layer 2 method. So, a manageable switch is required to manage VLAN in your network and a router is required to route and control your inter-VLAN. VLAN increases network security and performance as well as [...]
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MikroTik Blocking All Websites Except a Few Websites | May 7, 2019
A few days ago, someone asked me how to block all websites except one with MikroTik Firewall. For this, I have decided to discuss about blocking all websites except someone’s whitelist. Unlike firewall devices, MikroTik Firewall by default allows all websites. So, if you need to block any website, you have to create a firewall rule that will block the specific website. Now if we want to block all websites and want to allow a few websites, we have to [...]
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CentOS 7.5 Installation with GUI and LVM Partition | March 7, 2019
Red Hat/CentOS Linux is a popular server operating system. Specially who work on mail server, web server, web proxy server, ftp server and file server are so familiar with the Red Hat/CentOS Linux. In my previous article, I discussed how to install CentOS 7.5 Linux step by step with the standard partition. But if you want to work on mail server, web proxy server, ftp server, file server or any other application where disk space changes frequently, the standard partitioning [...]
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MikroTik Hotspot Login by HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS | July 25, 2020
MikroTik Hotspot uses various types of login methods. Among these login methods HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS are basic and important login methods. So, a MikroTik system administrator should have proper understanding on Hotspot HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS login methods. In my previous article I discussed how to configure MikroTik Hotspot using Winbox. In this article I will discuss how to use HTTP CHAP, HTTP PAP and HTTPS login methods properly in MikroTik Hotspot Server. MikroTik Hotspot [...]
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Web Server Configuration in Linux with Apache, MariaDB and PHP | January 2, 2018
Web Server is one of the most important and most used servers today. Without web server internet cannot imagine. Even, the article you are reading is also served by a web server. So, having web server configuration knowledge is beneficial for you, I think. A web server is responsible to serve HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) contents such as text, image, audio, video etc. to its clients. A lot of web servers are present today such as Apache, IIS, Nginx and [...]
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What Are the 7 Layers of OSI Model and How Do They Work | October 5, 2021
The OSI Model stands for Open Systems Interconnection Model, a conceptualized framework used to describe the seven layers of a telecommunication system or network. It was established as an international standard in the year 1984 by the International Organization for Standardization. This model helps visualize how networks operate and is still used today to figure out and solve network problems, such as by a web development company. In this article, we will talk about the 7 layers of the OSI [...]
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