networking courses for beginners

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  • What Are the 7 Layers of OSI Model and How Do They Work

    The OSI Model stands for Open Systems Interconnection Model, a conceptualized framework used to describe the seven layers of a telecommunication system or network. It was established as an international standard in the year 1984 by the International Organization for Standardization. This model helps visualize how networks operate and is still used today to figure out and solve network problems, such as by a web development company. In this article, we will talk about the 7 layers of the OSI Model and how each of them work. Layer 1 – Physical Layer The physical layer concerns the part of the model used for transmitting raw data bits (0s and 1s) across the network between sending and receiving devices. This can be through a physical cable or even a wireless connection between physical nodes. The physical layer can also represent voltages, frequencies, pin layouts, and other things. Any other physical devices part of this transmission, like hubs and modems, are also included. Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 etc. protocols work on Physical Layer. Layer 2 – Data Link Layer The data link layer is in charge of establishing or eliminating a connection between physical nodes that may be connected through a [...]

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    Computer Networking Basics |   February 10, 2017

    Computer networking is a buzzword to the present world. By the virtue of computer networking, the world has become just like a village. So, anyone of the world can communicate with any person of the world within seconds as if they are living in a village. Computer networking does not mean a single element. A lot of networking elements and protocol work behind a computer networking. So, the computer guys who are interested to learn how computer networking works should [...]

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    Restrict Internet Access Based on MAC Address in MikroTik |   February 4, 2017

    MikroTik router has a lot of features by which a network administrator can design his network as he likes. As a network administrator, sometimes you may need to allow internet access some specific devices. If other devices try to access internet, they will be rejected by your router. For example, say, you have configured a simple network like below diagram. In this network, you have configured WAN, LAN, Gateway, DNS and NAT. Also you have created queue rules for limiting [...]

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    MikroTik Configuration with PPPoE WAN Connection |   July 18, 2018

    MikroTik Router is a popular routing device to any network administrator because of having a lot of network features availability. MikroTik PPPoE Client is a special feature that is used to connect any PPPoE Server. If your ISP provides PPPoE connection, MikroTik Router is able to connect that PPPoE Server using PPPoE Client. In my previous article, I discussed how to configure MikroTik Router with static WAN connection and in this article I will show how to configure MikroTik Router [...]

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    How to Install Discord on Ubuntu 24.04 |   July 28, 2024

    Discord is a popular communication platform designed for creating communities and bringing people together through text, voice, and video chat. Originally created for gamers, Discord has expanded to encompass a wide range of communities beyond gaming, including hobbyists, professionals, study groups, and more. There are several methods of installing Discord on Ubuntu 24.04. We will be covering the easiest method for demonstration which is from the snap store. Following are the step-by-step commands to install Discord on Ubuntu 24.04. Install [...]

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    MikroTik Site to Site VPN with L2TP/IPsec |   March 3, 2018

    VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a technology that provides a secure and encrypted tunnel across a public network. A private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network using this VPN Tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. MikroTik L2TP server is one of the most popular VPN services. It provides a secure and encrypted tunnel across public network for transporting IP traffic using PPP. L2TP/IPsec is more secure than [...]

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    How to Block VPN Access with MikroTik Router |   May 14, 2019

    Sometimes system administrators create firewall rule to block unwanted websites. But VPN apps break these firewall rules and allow access to unwanted websites. For example, if Facebook is blocked with MikroTik Firewall and any expert user installs and enables VPN apps (such as OpenVPN, Hotspot Shield, ProtonVPN, NordVPN, PureVPN etc.), he can easily get access to Facebook. So, system administrators should also block popular VPN apps so that user cannot use those VPN servers. Blocking VPN apps is not so [...]

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    Turn Computer into Wi-Fi Hotspot |   September 17, 2015

    Internet Connection Sharing is an awesome feature in windows operating system. Using this feature, you can turn your computer which has wireless network card integrated into Wi-Fi hotspot and share your internet connection with your friends or family members. Generally, each laptop has a wireless network card integrated by default. So, if you are a laptop user, you can turn your laptop into Wi-Fi hotspot so easily. If you are a Desktop user, you can also turn your desktop as [...]

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    MikroTik RADIUS Server (User Manager) Installation |   October 28, 2017

    RADIUS Server is a centralized user authentication, authorization and accounting application. RADIUS authentication gives the ISP or network administrator ability to manage PPP users, login users and Hotspot users from one server throughout a large network. MikroTik RouterOS has a RADIUS client that is able to authenticate login users, Hotspot users and PPP users through a RADIUS server. MikroTik team also developed a totally separate RADIUS server package named User Manager that can be used to authenticate MikroTik users smoothly. [...]

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    Web Server Configuration in Linux with Apache, MariaDB and PHP |   January 2, 2018

    Web Server is one of the most important and most used servers today. Without web server internet cannot imagine. Even, the article you are reading is also served by a web server. So, having web server configuration knowledge is beneficial for you, I think. A web server is responsible to serve HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) contents such as text, image, audio, video etc. to its clients. A lot of web servers are present today such as Apache, IIS, Nginx and [...]

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