network bandwidth calculation formula

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  • Network Bandwidth and Throughput

    Bandwidth and Throughput are two important basic networking terms in computer network. If you wish to be an expert network administrator, you must have better understanding about these two networking terms. As a network user, you should also have better understanding about network bandwidth and throughput so that you can get maximum output from your network service provider. In this article, I will explain about network bandwidth and throughput from very beginning. I hope, this article will enrich your networking concept. What are Bandwidth and Throughput? Bandwidth In computer network, bandwidth is defined as the maximum number of bits that can flow through a network connection in a given period of time. The fundamental unit of network bandwidth is bits per second (bps). An ISP network connection that specified a bandwidth of 1Mbps means that in one second, maximum 100000 bits can be transferred across this connection. The term bandwidth is normally used in internet broadband subscription plan. Normally a higher bandwidth subscription plan will cost more than that of a lower bandwidth subscription plan. One thing to note is that even if you are subscribing a 1Mbps internet broadband plan, you may not get the full 1Mbps bandwidth when [...]

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    Firewalld Installation and Configuration in Ubuntu Server |   May 5, 2022

    Firewalld is an awesome host based firewall management tool for Linux Operating System. Firewalld has developed on Fedora but it is now available for almost all Linux distributions. So, Firewalld can be installed in Ubuntu Server although Ubuntu Server has UFW as the default firewall system. Firewalld is more robust and easy to maintain than UFW, I think. So, I am going to discuss how to install and configure Firewalld in Ubuntu Server.  Installing Firewalld in Ubuntu Server By default [...]

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    MikroTik WebProxy Log Analyzer Configuration |   August 30, 2016

    MikroTik RouterOS generally logs various system events and status information. Logs are mainly saved in router’s memory (RAM) or disk. MikroTik logs can also be sent by email or even can be sent to a remote syslog server. All logs those are saved in router’s local memory can be viewed from Log menu. Any log entry that is saved in local memory contains time and date when event occurred, topics that this message belongs to and message itself. But local [...]

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    MikroTik Site to Site SSTP VPN Setup with RouterOS Client |   May 14, 2020

    VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology provides a secure and encrypted tunnel across a public network. So, a private network user can send and receive data to any remote private network through VPN tunnel as if his/her network device was directly connected to that private network. Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP) transports PPP tunnel over TLS channel. SSTP uses TLS channel over TCP port 443. So, SSTP VPN can virtually pass through all firewalls and proxy servers. Because of using TLS [...]

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    FreeRADIUS MySQL Database GUI with phpMyAdmin on CentOS 7 |   January 30, 2019

    FreeRADIUS is a high performance RADIUS Server that accepts a large number of networking devices as RADIUS Client including MikroTik Router. MySQL is one of the best user sources for freeRADIUS server. In my previous article, I discussed how to install freeRADIUS server on CentOS 7 and how to integrate MySQL module with freeRADIUS server. I also discussed how to create user group and profile in MySQL database server and authenticate MikroTik PPPoE client with MySQL database user. I used [...]

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    How to Import SSL Certificate in MikroTik RouterOS |   January 16, 2022

    SSL/TLS Certificate is used to make secure communication between server and clients. MikroTik RouterOS has a lot of services such OVPN, SSTP VPN, HTTPS, Hotspot and so on those use SSL/TLS certificate. It is possible to create self-signed certificate in MikroTik RouterOS but self-signed certificate faces untrusted CA warning. So, it is always better to use trusted CA either freemium or premium.  In my previous article, I discussed how to get a free SSL/TLS certificate from Zero SSL but Zero [...]

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    Apache2 Web Server HTTPS Configuration on Ubuntu Server |   August 15, 2021

    Data transmission between web server and web client over port 80 (HTTP) is not encrypted. So, any middle man between web server and web client can view transmitted data and can steal secret information. To overcome this limitation, HTTPS Protocol over port 443 has been introduced. HTTPS is a secure web server that is configured with SSL/TLS certificate. TLS (Transport Layer Security) and its predecessor SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) are web protocols used to wrap normal traffic in a protected, [...]

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    Setting Google as Default Search Engine |   September 30, 2015

    Google is one of the most popular search engines to any online user. It is said that no online user cannot go a single day without Google search engine. Google search statistics shows that over 40,000 search queries are processed every second by Google. If you have any query about any subject, just type in Google search box and Google will show you billion of results related to your search query within less than a second. So, usually you will want [...]

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    MikroTik OpenVPN Configuration on TCP Port 443 with Windows OS |   April 6, 2020

    MikroTik OpenVPN is an amazing VPN solution. IT provides a secure and encrypted VPN tunnel across public network. Unlike PPTP and L2TP VPN Services which are poorly designed and can easily be blocked, OpenVPN can highly be customized and even can be run on so popular TCP Port 443. So, OpenVPN cannot easily be blocked. OpenVPN uses SSL/TLS Certificates. So, OpenVPN Tunnel is a trusted tunnel to send and receive data across public network. OpenVPN is a site to site [...]

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    Enable F8 Menu to Enter Safe Mode in Windows 8 & 10 |   August 27, 2015

    Windows is the most popular operating system in the world. No computer user can go a single day without windows operating system. As windows is a popular operating system, it has a lot of viruses also. But windows provides various tools for removing these viruses. For removing any unwanted program, windows safe mode is a best option. A popular way to open windows safe mode is windows Advanced Boot Options. Advanced Boot Options provides different run levels for windows users so [...]

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